Selasa, 04 Desember 2012

resume jurnal green manure



TUGAS PUPUK dan PEMUPUKAN
“Potential use of green manure legume cover crops in smallholder maize production systems in Limpopo province, South Africa “

Disusun oleh:
PIPIT WAHYUNI
115040213113005

http://akademikfp.staff.ub.ac.id/files/2010/06/logo-FP-UB-dengan-dasar-putih.jpg


PROGRAM STUDI AGROEKOTEKNOLOGI
FAKULTAS PERTANIAN
UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA
KEDIRI
2012
I.INTRODUCTION
Much of the smallholder farming sector in Limpopo province of South Africa is located on infertile degraded soils, with nitrogen being one of the predominantly deficient nutrient. The use of green manure legume cover crops in combination with Nitrogen (N) fertilizers is one option for improving N inputs into such farming systems.
A). Problems to be solved     :(1) screen a number of green manure legume cover crop species, mucuna (Mucuna pruriens); sunhemp (Crotalaria juncea), lab-lab (Lablab purpureus); cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) in order to determine their suitability for the region and (2) to determine the effect of the green manure and nitrogen fertilizer on maize yield.
B). Reason Writers journal chose Green manure  : Green manuring may also help maintain or build organic matter which will in turn help improve the soil’s structure, pore size, water holding capacity and inorganic fertilizer use efficiency (through increased cation exchange capacity).
II.MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study was conducted in Thohoyandou, Limpopo province of South Africa located approximately 22°35’14.0”S and 30°15’50.3”E.
Methods         : 1) Green manure legume screening experiment 2) and Maize, N fertilizer and green manure experiment.
C).The dose given in research          :
Two control plots [(control (+N) and control (-N)].The treatments imposed were mucuna, sunhemp, lablab,and a control with (75 kg N ha-1) or without (0 kg N ha) N fertilizer. The N source used in the fertilizer treated plots was Lime Ammonium Nitrate (LAN) (28% N). The 75 kg N ha was split applied with 50 kg N ha-1 applied at planting and 25 kg N ha applied as top-dress. Phosphorus was applied uniformly to all the plots at a rate of 50 kg ha -1 as super grow (20.3%P). Maize (hybrid SNK 2147) was then planted at a spacing of 90 cm × 25 cm (44444 plants per ha-1) approximately 2 weeks after incorporation of GML residues.
D). Measured variables and measurement time
Variables         : Green manure above-ground and root biomass and N uptake.
Time                : Winter screening (2005-2006),Summer Screening(2006-2007),and 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 seasons.
III.RESULTS
E). Results obtained
Results obtained from the screening trials indicate that best GML growth, biomass production and N accumulation are attained when the legumes are planted during the summer season. The low temperatures during winter severely limit the growth, biomass production and N accumulation of the legumes. Results obtained by Odhiambo et al. (2009) from a two year study on green manure-maize rotation system in Limpopo province showed that cowpea, mucuna, lablab, butterfly pea and sunhemp treatments gave yield increases of 77, 85, 134, 125 and 103%, respectively, above the control (-N) treatment.A combination of GML (mucuna, sunhemp, lablab and cowpea) and 60 kg N ha-1 gave yield increment of between 23 to 118%. In terms of maize grain yield following green manure incorporation, overall, legume treatments, with or without N fertilizers produced between 19 to 58% more grain  yield than control (-N).

IV.CONCLUTION
Use of green manure legumes in combination with N fertilizers has the potential to increase maize yield in smallholder farms in Limpopo province. 





Tidak ada komentar:

Posting Komentar